Religion As A Means For Political And Economic Gains Essay

Religion As A Means For Political And Economic Gains - Essay Example This announcement will be tried through subjective examination of the current writing on religion and a contextual investigation of Taliban. By investigating the subject of whether Pakistan utilized Islam through Talibanization of Afghanistan basically to stem the developing Pashtun patriot development, I will endeavor to show that religion was utilized for political additions and for all intents and purposes financial gains by a nation which broke separated on account of a comparative patriot development three decades back. The result of this examination can assist with carrying us closer to getting religion and include to a continuous discussion religion and its relationship with governmental issues and economy. Catchphrases: religion, strict misuse, strict qualities, fundamentalism, Taliban, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Pashtunistan Exploration Design in Anthropology (Final Project) 1. Item The principle capacity of religion is keeping up an alluring social request which shields the people and the general public from physical and enthusiastic mischief brought about by individual individuals and guarantees liberation from hardship (Columbia Encyclopedia), yet since it can increase a significant level of agreeableness among its adherents, some of the time to the degree of worship, it requests a visually impaired confidence from who follow the customs without thinking. In first experience with the primary volume of the acclaimed Fundamentalism Project, Fundamentalisms Observed, editors Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby (1991) guarantee that the strict part of fundamentalism will in general communicate in the accompanying four different ways: as a battling for the perspective related with the religion; a battling with the fantasies, conventions and precepts made by the religion; a battling against the individuals who don't buy in to the religion; lastly, a battling under t he god or other extraordinary reference thought to be the religion's definitive source. In immature social orders religion has a more grounded hold over poor people and the feeble who look for security in its name and comfort when they when they neglect to accomplish the ideal objectives throughout everyday life. Since the pastorate guarantee responsibility for their job turns into the most significant for the general public just as for the individual, now and again considerably more significant than God himself. Some devout clerics become so ground-breaking that their domination matches the forces of the rulers and other weight gatherings. In this manner religion orders total dutifulness from poor people and the frail which subjugates them to the caretakers of religion to be specific the ministry which thus enables them to modify social conduct. All the more as of late, such a marvel has come to be distinguished as fundamentalism whereby the pastorate and partners have looked for o r accomplished difference in social, political and monetary nature. Any socio-political development that expects of its individuals an exacting adherence to indicated basics or principles; that looks to force those essentials, by influence or power, on any who are outside the development; and that claims for its inspiration in doing so a heavenly, or in any case supernaturally grounded, command. (Carr and Saha, 2001) This has occurred in certain social orders while somewhere else other social variables rose to placate or drop the enchantment of the religion and its overseers, for example, interfaith or partisan contention, ascent of dynamic powers which further the intensity of thinking and science, etc. History is brimming with occurrences where church utilizing strict decrees and confidence have attempted to modify social

Problems Faced Before ERP Implementation

Issues Faced Before ERP Implementation A few information, originating from SAP R/3, goes legitimately into SAP NetWeaver BI information stores. Be that as it may, the rest, which originates from different frameworks that handle charging, client relationship the board (CRM), intervention, provisioning, and prepaid deals, goes first to an outsider concentrate/change/load (ETL) framework. The ETL framework takes the information from each call that clients make each installment, each assistance call, and more and changes it dependent on business administers before putting away it in an outsider database About Reliance Infocomm Dependence Infocomm is the result of the late visionary Dhirubhai Ambanis (1932-2002) dream to proclaim an advanced upset in India by bringing reasonable methods for data and correspondence to the doorsteps of Indias huge populace. Make the devices of Infocomm accessible to individuals at a reasonable cost, they will conquer the debilitations of ignorance and absence of portability, Dhirubhai Ambani diagrammed the strategic Reliance Infocomm in late 1999. He found in the capability of data and correspondence innovation a once in a blue moon open door for India to jump over its verifiable inheritance of backwardness and underdevelopment. Working dangerously fast, from late 1999 to 2002 Reliance Infocomm constructed the spine for a computerized India 60,000 kilometers of fiber optic spine, bungling the whole nation. The Reliance Infocomm container India organize was dispatched on December 28, 2002, the 70th birth commemoration of Dhirubhai. This day additionally denoted his first birth commemoration after his end July 6, 2002. Dependence Infocomm arrange is a container India, high limit, coordinated (remote and wireline) and merged (voice, information and video) advanced system, intended to offer administrations that length the whole Infocomm esteem chain foundation, administrations for endeavors and people, applications and counseling. The system is intended to convey administrations that will encourage another lifestyle for India. Explain explain CRM is the result of explain Inc. Client Relationship Management is an exhaustive business methodology, concentrated on the way toward procuring, overseeing, holding and joining forces with specific clients to make predominant long haul an incentive for the organization and the clients. More or less, CRM endeavors to distinguish clients who give the best come back to the organization, and to upgrade associations with those clients. CRM highlights Fragmenting clients Reacting extraordinarily to the best clients Having a 360 degree see, of a client Estimating and driving down the expense of client procurement Pulling in clients utilizing the totality of the experience you give Requirement for CRM Clients have the high ground in most buy exchanges They are characteristically less steadfast They have rising desires They no longer endure organizations that dont get the rudiments right Favorable circumstances of CRM To increase a superior comprehension of clients needs and needs Permits organizations to assemble and get to data about clients purchasing accounts, inclinations, grumblings, and other information so they can all the more likely foresee what clients will need. The objective is to ingrain more prominent client devotion. Utilized in relationship with information warehousing, information mining, call focuses and other insight based applications Quicker reaction to client requests Expanded effectiveness through mechanization Getting data sharable with colleagues More profound comprehension of Customers Expanded advertising and selling openings Recognizing the most beneficial clients Improved items and administrations through client input Explain Design Philosophy Adaptable Any place potential guidelines are held as information in the application Adaptable Incredibly simple to change look and usefulness of screens Can include new fields, tables and connections to the database Upgradeable We need you to have the option to remain current without any problem Exceptionally scaleable High volume with great reaction times Far reaching and open information model More adaptability than a great many people need Can utilize any SQL-based devices for detailing, and so on Internationalize Capacity to manage multi-cash, various dialects, and so forth Work process orientated Solid proprietorship worldview so nothing becomes lost despite a general sense of vigilance Utilization of guidelines The new applications incorporate Clarify Customer Portal which stores client data and lets clients speak with an organization through strategies, for example, E-mail and online talk. Explain eOrder lets clients shop online at that point takes arranges and oversees them through satisfaction; it works related to Clarify eConfigurator which decides client needs and afterward designs complex items. Explain eMerchandising lets organizations draw from client examination information and create customized promoting efforts and item contributions Explain Applications Call Center: ClearCallCenter Front end for Contact Center Agents Oversees by and large client communication Can be utilized as deals application or as a front-end to ClearSupport for half breed deals/administration. Works in both relationship-based call places and high-volume, one and done deals conditions Deals Force Automation: ClearSales Handles prospects and leads Deals power robotization Gives the executives of all parts of the selling cycle, from lead through finished request. Gives an endeavor wide perspective on deals and bolster exercises in represents continuous relationship the board exercises Client care: ClearSupport Is a difficulty the board framework Single purpose of contact for administration solicitations and issue revealing Extensive specialized help the board framework, Handles calls that include administration demands, questions, and so forth. DSS is an information warehousing division that takes into account the necessities of the administration by conveying imperative data to business clients to settle on auspicious and precise choices for business development prompting viable and proficient activities to increase a serious edge in the commercial center. DSS is a framework that Collects information from different sources, Summarizes information according to business needs and makes reports at business activities DSS empowers business clients to midway screen and dissect data, screen different occasions and empower them to respond to those occasions by giving a solitary perspective on business data. DSS is a business-driven information warehousing office with an incorporated work process component that supports smoothed out business forms. It conveys elite access to all data and applications on CRM, Billing, Product and Network spaces. CRM applications conveyed by a DSS empower business client to examine number of clients, patterns and use examples of individual clients, singular client records, and so forth. It additionally holds data about client care like Interaction and Cases took care of by Call Center, Number of Interactions, Interaction Category, Number of Cases, Case Status, Case Category, and so forth. Item applications give all relevant data about the use and execution of different items like SMS, R-Connect, R-World and so forth. Charging applications give all appropriate data about the charging and remarkable of RIM clients. It holds in data of ADC Service Status, Billing Circle, CIOU Code, Channel Code, Channel Type, City, Customer Type, No.of Invoices, and No. of Payments, OG Barred Status, OTAF Month, Payment Option, Rate Plan, Service savvy, Month astute, Zero Payment shrewd Billing Status. DSS offers three sorts of reports to be specific: OLAP Reports (http://dss.ril.com/) Business Intelligence Reports (http://dssbi.ril.com) Specially appointed Reports dependent on the information mentioned by the business client ETL The abbreviation ETL is utilized to portray the procedures utilized by DSS to acquire information from outer sources and make it usable to the DSS applications. ETL represents Extract, Transform and Load. Extraction is the way toward choosing and pulling information from the operational and outside information sources, so as to set it up for the distribution center. Likewise called Data Extraction. A decent extraction depends on a Business Rule. Business rules are applied to information utilizing limitations. There are two fundamental ways that the concentrate procedure is performed. Either the framework giving data will give the DSS group a feeder document. This document will than be acknowledged by DSS and used to stack tables. The other alternative is for the DSS group to compose SQL code and really act set up extractions from source frameworks. In both of these cases, the planning, information volume gauges and source frameworks impacts should be thought of Change is the way toward controlling information. Any control past replicating is a change. Procedure incorporates purifying, amassing, and coordinating information from various sources. Model: Address1, Address2, Address3 could be connected as one single field. Change is the greatest, generally convoluted, most asset concentrated and generally significant of DSS process. The change takes crude, unclean, unformatted, unsynchronized, meager, and regularly degenerate information sources and normalizes, tidies and matches it up enough to make it helpful for additional investigation. . BO Business Objects is a revealing instrument for SQL consistent databases. It permits clients to get ready custom reports from various databases at the same time, which thusly encourages propelled detailing and information examination. Stacking is the last advance in the ETL procedure. Stacking is simply taking the yields from the change procedure and placing it into an Oracle table. The way toward moving separated, changed into the information distribution center. For the most part the information is stacked to the Target table. Target table holds the middle of the road or conclusive outcomes of any piece of the ETL procedure. The objective of the whole ETL process is the information distribution center. BW The SAP Business Information Warehouse permits you to break down information from employable SAP applications just as all different business applications and outer information sources, for example, databases, online assistance

5 Tips From Successful Entrepreneurs To Boost Social Media Marketing Strategy

5 Tips From Successful Entrepreneurs To Boost Social Media Marketing Strategy Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Tips From Successful Entrepreneurs To Boost Social Media Marketing StrategyUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : David PriceTopic : Social MediaShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozk9lh CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWhat can successful entrepreneurs offer you that will help boost your social media marketing strategy? The answer is applying a formula of thinking and doing that is different than what you are probably doing now. What defines an entrepreneur is how they primarily act versus think their way to success. This principle can be applied to generating a successful social media marketing plan for you or your clients. Below are some tips that can help you reach this goal:#1 While social media networks are generally used to get to the same goal (higher visibility and awareness, more customers, etc.), don’t have the same plan for all of them. Many companies will just make a standard plan for all of their social media strategies, regardless of the network. Make your Twitter plan different from your Facebook plan and so on. Maybe one is better for broadcasting your company’s news, while the other is better for interaction with your customers. It really depends on what your product, brand and company is, but don’t just stick to one plan and frequency for all the networks you are working with.#2 Use only the networks that make sense for your company or product. Don’t just create a YouTube channel because it is social media. This goes for all the social media networks including Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, Foursquare, Myspace etc., even a blog. Make sure you know what your goal is and what you are looking to get out of it. Also, make sure it targets the customer base you desire and that you have content to add that is valuable, not just fluff. Most companies can benefit from a Facebook fan page or Twitter handle, but the rest, including blogs, may not fit your needs or goals and will just end up making you and your company look worse and unprofessional.#3    Don’t try to be everything to everyone. Shocking, we know. But many companies don’t have their target decided on before they go out into the social media world. Maybe they know their target in general, but when it comes to social media, they are all over the place. If your product is fashion, specifically footwear, there’s probably no need to discuss makeup, hair and other subjects that really have nothing to do with your current product/company or plan. It’s a waste of time and will likely attract people you don’t even want to reach. In the end, just think about what’s more important, the quality of people following you or the quantity.READYour 10 Social Media Marketing Strategies In 2013#4 Have a voice and a “theme” for your social media effort; don’t just use it as a marketing vehicle. Along the same lines, when you begin using social media, think about what voice you want to use. Is it fun, wacky, serious, playful, etc? This really does matter in how you and your brand is perceived. Once you choose it, stick to your posts being in that voice. The same goes for content. No one wants to just hear about your company and your brand. Think about what your company can offer better than any other company; what is your expertise? Then, make your posts a mix of news about your company, as well as industry news, fun facts, trivia, questions, etc. Essentially, make it engaging and interesting for your friends and followers. #5 Don’t overdo it with automation. This has become a big trend, especially with Twitter: auto-follow, auto-replies, etc. Sure, it’s a great tool and can help you build followers, but be careful about scheduling “tweets” way ahead of time, especially when you are posting links to articles that will no longer be “news” or of interest when the post hits. Also, auto-replies can be quite the turn-off, so if you h ave the time to spend replying to your followers and thanking the more prominent ones for following you and RTs, do it, don’t automate it.

Marketing Mix Easyjet vs Klm - 3476 Words

Airline Assignment Table of Contents 1 Brief history of Easyjet 3 2 Brief history of KLM 3 3 Marketing Mix (7P’s) 4 3.1 Price 4 3.1.1 Price List 4 3.1.2 Allowances 4 3.1.3 Discounts 4 3.1.4 Payment period 5 3.1.5 Credit terms 5 3.2 Product and services 6 3.3 Promotion 7 3.4 Place 8 3.5 Process 9 3.5.1 Check-in 9 3.5.2 Boarding the plane 10 3.5.3 Customer support service 10 3.6 Physical evidence 11 3.7 People 11 3.7.1 Management 11 3.7.2 Managing Board. 12 3.7.3 Employees 12 3.7.4 Co-creation and C2C 14 List of References 15 * * Brief history of EasyJet EasyJet Airline Company Limited is a British airline with headquarters in London Luton Airport.†¦show more content†¦KLM You can pay by credit card when booking a ticket at KLM.com. After you have selected your flight, choose ‘credit card’ under the payment options. Next, select the organization that issued the credit card. Enter all necessary details and confirm your booking. Once your payment has been authorized, you will be sent an e-ticket by e-mail. Credit terms EasyJet Any EasyJet passenger who has made a booking and subsequently finds that lower fares (when taken together with all applicable charges) for the same EasyJet flight have become available will be refunded the difference as a credit against future flights on EasyJet. KLM Business-oriented travel agents and corporate accounts are encouraged to use credit terms. Currently, these services are solely financed out of the merchant fee. In other words, KLM as the merchant is financing the added-value services of the credit card companies towards the corporations and agents. This unbalanced distribution between costs and added-value services is the driver for levying a credit card surcharge for the lower-yielding tickets. Product and services EasyJet Since 1995 EasyJet has grown from offering two routes to Glasgow and Edinburgh to now offer 89 routes from 36 European airports. EasyJet offers flight with extremely good connection around Europe and northern Africa. EasyJet and its main rival Ryanair are two Europe’s biggest low-cost airlines. EasyJet provides a good variety ofShow MoreRelatedAir France Internet Marketing2673 Words   |  11 PagesAir France Internet Marketing: Optimizing Google, Yahoo!, MSN, and Kayak Sponsored Search Kellogg KEL319 CASE BACKGROUND In 2007 Air France operated in the fiercely competitive business of international and domestic airline travel services. Catering to both business and leisure travelers, Air France turned to Internet marketing campaigns and search engine optimization to reach large customer segments in multiple countries including the United States. To be successful, Air France had to understandRead MoreRyanair Analyses44239 Words   |  177 PagesTurnaround times 4.2.3. Homogenous fleet 4.2.4. Point-to-point travel vs hub-and-spoke travel 4.2.5. Higher seat density 4.2.6. Choice of airports 4.2.7. Distribution system 4.2.8. Frequent flyer programmes 30 31 31 32 32 33 34 5. Analysis of the macro environment 5.1. Introduction to the theoretical framework – PEST Analysis 5.2. Political/legal issues 5.2.1. Liberalising the European airline industry 5.2.2 State aid 5.2.3. Commision vs Ryanair/Charleroi Airport 5.2.4. Passenger rights in the EU 5Read MoreCompetitive Strategy for Low Cost Airlines4132 Words   |  17 PagesHowever, not all LCCs are profitable, only the market-leading operators are able to produce a consistent level returns above their cost of capital. With the disappearance of two major LCCs: Go (subsidiary of British Airways) and Buss (subsidiary of KLM Airlines) and others in the US (80%-85%) and Europe (60%) (Taneja, 2003), many issues have been identified for the failure of LCCs. The question at this point is what the future of LCCs and what competitive strategy could help LCCs to survive? Porter’sRead MoreBusiness Plan of Skytrails Airline, Ltd.14517 Words   |  59 PagesWaterhouse (1986-1992) Joseph Orr, Corporate Sales Manager Airline Manager, Lastminute.com (2000) National Account Manager, Virgin Atlantic Airways (1994-2000) Oleg Schweitz, Marketing Director Director of Marketing, Paramount Comedy Chanel (1997-2000) Brand Manager, ATT Communications (1996-1997) Marketing Manager, Warner Bros. (1993-1996) Ken Loman, Technical Director Technical General Manager, Accountable Manager, Qatar Airways (1997-98) Technical General Manager, Accountable ManagerRead MoreService Gap in Airline Industry27895 Words   |  112 Pages.....................................14 2.2. Customer Segmentation ..................................................................................................16 2.2.1. Business vs. leisure customers .......................................................................................16 2.2.2. Male vs. female customers .............................................................................................19 2.3. 3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. Service Development and Innovation in Airline IndustryRead MoreCase Studies: Sas Airline Ryanair80169 Words   |  321 Pages...................................................................... 58 TABLE 8 - AIRLINES SERVING THE EU MARKET................................................................................................................. 58 TABLE 9 - ELFAA VS. AEA, AUTHORS’ CREATION WITH AVAILABLE DATA COLLECTED .................................................. 61 TABLE 10 – DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LCC AND FSC, AUTHORS’ CREATION WITH AVAILABLE DATA COLLECTED.............. 62 TABLE 11 - TOTAL SCHEDULED PASSENGERSRead MoreStrategic Management in a Global Context8532 Words   |  35 Pagesopening of slots for foreign carriers on domestic markets. For example, does the EU and the US currently discuss a reciprocal opening of their domestic airspace? Airline Industry Value Chain INBOUND LOGISTICS OPERATIONS OUTBOUND LOGISTICS MARKETING AND SALES SERVICE PROCUREMENT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE Adapted with the permission of Michael E. Porter from Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, copyright 1985Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic Marketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University Read MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesThe mixture and sequencing of lectures, seminars, case studies, group work, etc. These are largely determined by the circumstances for which the programme is designed as outlined in Section 3. It is useful to look at some typical ways in which this mix can be planned: †¢ Case study/applied material only courses, where the text is used as pre-reading and/or follow-up. This approach is not very common on open access courses but can be very useful in an in-company workshop where a review of the organisation’sRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesare not going to buy into that.5 For many aï ¬ cionados, the last straw was when the Sugababes got crowned the ‘Best Dance Act’ of 2003. At the end of 2002, Palumbo was obliged to close down his ï ¬â€šagship magazine, Ministry. The Ministry Ibid. Marketing, 4 December (1997), p. 3. 4 5 European Venture Capital Journal, September (2001), p. 1. Independent, 2 January (2004), p. 10. ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 607 MINISTRY OF SOUND 607 of Sound then worked with publishers

Family Socioeconomic Status And Language Development

What different features, properties, and/or experiences in the word and with people allow infants and young children to learn and develop language? Mutual exclusivity, infant-directed speech, and a child’s socioeconomic status are all factors affecting language development in infants and young children. Children, between the ages of 3- to 4-year-olds, expect that a given entity will have only one name, that is they will not apply a new word to an object they already know which leads them to pick the novel object when given a word they do not know, this phenomenon is known as the mutual exclusivity assumption. Infant-directed speech studies have revealed that infants, between the ages of 6.5 to 7.5 months, who hear infant directed speech, find it easier to segment and discriminate words over part words than those who hear adult-directed speech. Finally, studies examining family socioeconomic status and language development have shown that the mothers in high SES groups had high er speech properties (number of word types, number of utterances, length of utterances, etc) that in the long term influenced the development of the children’s vocabulary complexity When children are given two objects, a familiar and a novel toy, and are asked to pick out a specific toy, using a term they have never heard before (â€Å"blicket†) they tend to pick the novel toy. The participants in this study were twenty-four 3- to 4-year-olds. They were split into two groups; one group would use pointing,Show MoreRelatedHow Can Tie A Shoelace? Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagesshe was immediately drawn to the fact that Alex was missing out on exposure to language and sound – a lack of supervision and support. Since Alex had difficulty hearing, he was already far behind of his peers due to his lack of exposure to sound and language during the critical period of language acquisition. Although he was given visual clues of language by Denworth and her family, Alex was not exposed to as much language as other children who had no difficulty with hearing. Denworth argues in herRead MoreLanguage Acquisition With Limited Input : Romanian Institution And Foste r Care1121 Words   |  5 PagesJennifer Windsor, Leslie E. Glaze, Sebastian F. Koga write in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research an articled titled â€Å"Language Acquisition with Limited Input: Romanian Institution and Foster Care†. From the Abstract, the purpose of the article is to give detailed information on the development of language abilities on children who have been â€Å"institutionalized† (2007, p. 1365). Their participants were grouped into three categories: children growing up in an orphanage, childrenRead MoreEssay about Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Children1367 Words   |  6 Pagesand social stigmas that come with socioeconomic status whether they will choose to admit it or not. Society has come to assume that a child who comes from a family of low socioeconomic status, that they will not do as well as a child who comes from a family of a greater socioeconomic status. Unfortunately these assumptions are so ingrained in our brains that we start to follow the self-fulfilling prophecy. When a child from a noticeably low socioeconomic status walks into a classroom, it is notRead MoreParenting Style, Socio Economic Status Of Family And Maternal Education1534 Words   |  7 Pages Child development included the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional maturation of human beings from fetal period to adulthood. That is also a process which is influenced by interacting biological and environmental processes. About the environmental influences, the family has the most important impact on child development. The influences that I would like to discuss are the parenting style, socio-economic status of family and maternal education. Parenting Style Parenting style is a standardRead MoreChilds Real Time Referential Processing Development1480 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Language processing has been a largely studied area of research over the past _ years. More recently, studies have looked into real-time referential processing abilities in children in order to understand how processing works as well as what contributes to levels of efficiency. Some factors that effect proficiency of this ability includes exposure to infant-directed speech, onset of exposure to first language, socioeconomic status, as well as various individual differences such as language impairmentsRead MoreHistory of Caribbean Education1413 Words   |  6 PagesIslands, and the Turks and Caicos Islands). Education was the great social elevator of the British Caribbean masses. From the middle of the nineteenth century, public education, expanded rapidly. A primary education combined with some knowledge of languages was useful in commercial concerns because most of the British Caribbean states conducted much of their commerce with neighboring Spanish-speaking countries. A secondary education was helpful in getting into the lower ranks of the bureaucracy andRead MoreImplementing The Reggio Emilia Approach For Low Income Pre Kindergarten Students1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe academic achievement gap between students from families with low socioeconomic status and students from families with high socioeconomic status is of major concern in the world of education today. It is the job of current and future educators to come up with solutions to this issue. The United States is a country of great wealth disparity and inequality, the best teachers can do to help their low socioeconomic sta tus students find success is through manipulating the curriculum and increasingRead MoreFactors That Influence Human Development1646 Words   |  7 PagesIn your own words, what role does socioeconomic status, cultural context, and ethnicity play in development (show examples of each)? In our day and time, socioeconomic status, cultural context, and ethnicity play a huge role in human development. Human development begins while in the womb and at birth and continues through life heavily depending on these particular factors. These factors determine how a person communicates, works, looks, and chooses to live their daily lives. People are individualsRead MoreThe Process Of Ordinary Cognitive Development2257 Words   |  10 Pagesof ordinary cognitive development has often been viewed as an independent, isolated progress due to inherent, individual, and identically produced growth. However, in current literature, there has been a growing consensus that socioeconomic status, and its subsequent resources, cannot be abstracted from the process or success of cognitive development. In one study, through the investigation of relationships between socioeconomic status and brain morphometry, socioeconomic disparities were clearlyRead MoreEffects Of Low Socioeconomic Status On Mental Health1440 Words   |  6 Pageslinked socioeconomic status to mental health, especially in children and adolescents. Low poverty levels have been specifically identified as a key causal factor in developing mental health problems in children. There has been much discussion over the different theories as to why this is the case, but only two of these theories seem to hold a lot of evidence. Certain interventions and preventative measures can be employed in order to improve an individual’s mental health by altering socioeconomic status

I Am A Day From School Last Week - 1321 Words

I stayed home from school last week. I didn’t necessarily have a fever or anything, no, but I can’t say I wasn’t sick. I wasn’t the type of sick where you can’t stop coughing or sneezing and your stomach hurts and you’re simultaneously sweating and shivering. I am the type of sick where every single step I take and every single movement I make feels like a weight crashing down on me and I can’t get up, even if it’s just to sit at my desk to work rather than my bed so I don’t fall asleep or take a shower and wash my face when I know I should, but I just really don’t have the energy to and it’s not even like I’m just lazy, even though that’s what I tell everyone when I don’t have any better excuses, I just can’t seem to find a will to live. And I know I’m not the only one. Across the country there are millions and millions who feel the exact same way, but they all stay silen t. They stay silent because they know if they told anyone who didn’t understand, they’d be greeted with a â€Å"but your life is so great!† or a â€Å"just pull yourself together† or a â€Å"why can’t you just be happy?† Happy? I mean I wish I could be happy, but I wish it was that simple because you can’t just choose to be happy. You can try to always have a positive attitude and you may have a great day but still not remember how to feel joy. I try, I really do, to find the good in everyone and every situation, but at the end of the day that doesn’t really fix anything at all. I suppose if I really, really wanted toShow MoreRelatedThe Subject Of Planning For Me1084 Words   |  5 Pagesmatter because I like to know what I am doing and when I will be getting done. I do not plan out my entire day because I have started to expect the unexpected. I have found that a person never knows what life has coming his/her way. I have ta ken this into account when planning what I am going to do during the day. I also leave some ‘me time’ during the day because a person needs to have time just for himself during the day. I thought I would cover a little bit in this article. I have always hadRead MoreEducation Is A Key Role Of Human Development928 Words   |  4 Pageslearn from trials and error. He or she will start to climb the mountain of stairs and will fall, but the child gets back at climbing those stairs a couple of minutes later. I used this method of learning, although not the best way to learn, in one of my college classes. In some of the classes that I have taken at college, I have gotten bad grades in the first weeks of school because I was ill prepared. This semester (spring 2016 at Santiago Canyon College) in the first couple of weeks of myRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Student Affairs779 Words   |  4 PagesThis week was very stressful and I am glad that it is coming to an end. 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FM-BIM Integration Infrastructure Industry of UK

Question: To determine state of the art of BIM-FM integration within infrastructure projects To identify the drivers and challenges of BIM for FM. To evaluate critically, models and frameworks relevant to support information flow. Answer: Introduction Khosrowshahi and Arayici (2012) have stated that Building Information Modeling is largely recognized as one of the established design methodologies in the construction business. This has been highly adopted by several architects, engineers as well as contractors in different parts of the world. Therefore, it can be stated that the application of Building Information Modeling for infrastructure has been rapidly accelerating as the owners as well as the engineering service suppliers increasingly identify the reimbursement of 3D modeling using intellectual objects. It is required to mention here that Building Information Modeling is an information-rich as well as a model-centric process with the power to change the release of the project and add worth crosswise to the life cycle of the entire infrastructure assets (Volk, Stengel and Schultmann 2014). Therefore, this particular research work would shed light on developing guidelines for FM-BIM Integration infrastructural projects in the United Kingdom. Background of the Research Isikdag (2015) has said that Building Information Modeling is a shared data and knowledge platform for all the existing stakeholders involved in the entire process. Apart from that, this gives a basis for decision making during the whole lifecycle of a building to design, build, maintain, operate and demolish. It can be said that Building Information Modeling can take into account several dimensions of data to support processes for different stakeholders. It has been seen that in various parts, Building Information Modeling has been used as a central information as well as collaboration platform at the time of designing, engineering and constructing of any building might bring many benefits. Yalcinkaya and Singh (2014) have said that it tends to reduce the number of the data sources drastically and it results in less failure; increase the speed of delivery, improved productivity and collaboration and higher quality and lower costs. Therefore, the importance of Building Information Mo deling has been gradually achieving importance and thus further research is required on this topic (Meng 2015). Problem Statement It has not been proved yet that Building Information Modeling helps Facility Management professionals and thus they are required to prove the benefits of using Building Information Modeling. Facility Management is considered as one of the rigid processes and thus, BIFM team need to work in collaboration with the FM professionals to understand their goals to implement a system for the Facility Management. Research Rationale Meng (2015) has said that the level of Building Information Modeling adoption, as well as the use in the infrastructure sector, is a few years behind the vertical construction. It has been found that almost half of the infrastructure organizations surveyed is at present using Building Information Modeling technologies as well as a process on some part of their infrastructure. UK government has stated that all the central government projects are required to follow BIM. However, the FM team and the professionals have not witnessed the benefits of using BIM. Therefore, they are in a dilemma whether to use it or not presently. Research Aim To investigate how early participation in Facility Management in projects can augment improved liberation of infrastructure for operations and continuation. Research Objectives To settle on the state of the art of BIM-FM combination within infrastructure projects. To identify the drivers and challenges of BIM for FM. To evaluate critically, models and frameworks relevant to support information flow. Research Questions How to ensure smooth information flow across different life cycle stages within the project What are critical barriers to facility information flow? What is best practice in BIM-FM integration? Research Structure Figure 1.1: Research Structure (Source: Author) Summary The first part of the research work seems to be the base of the whole research work and thus, the researcher has tried to mention the key points in the entire task. Apart from that, the learner has tried to introduce the structure of the entire research work in this chapter, so that a brief idea of the whole research work can be gained through this. Literature Review In this part of the proposal, a brief description of FM-BIM integration will be discussed. Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework (Source: Made by the Researcher) BIM for infrastructure BIM or Building Information Modeling is a very popular design methodology which is vastly used in building industry. Most of the engineers, architects and contractors use this software in their respected professional fields. The function of BIM for infrastructure is continuously growing as authors and engineering service providers are recognizing the benefits of 3D modeling using intelligent objects. BIM is known as an information-rich, model-centric process with the power to transform project delivery and all value across the lifecycle of infrastructure resources. BIM mainly facilitates business processes. It serves to increase clarity of project intent for all stakeholders, ensures data fidelity and continuity across the lifecycle of a project and helps an organization to gain a foundation for their business agility (Khosrowshahi and Arayici 2012). Importance of BIM The traditional process of working cannot convene the pounding need for newly transformed infrastructure amid today's economic realities. Companies in infrastructure industry quickly understood that old method by which projects were delivered and assets were managed must undergo a fundamental change to meet critical objectives. It was decided that the gap between investment demand and limited access to capital must be closed to improve productivity and transparency. Because of aging infrastructure and severe urban growth, companies of UK were putting their money and time to offer more creativity for their work to close the funding gap (Eadie et al. 2013). Therefore, Building Information Modeling or BIM was introduced to enhance productivity, quality and cost-effectiveness by transforming processes like business planning, designing, building and managing goods. BIM can close the funding gap by reducing cost and increasing potential sources of funding with more predictable ROI. With th e help of BIM, infrastructure companies in UK are hoping to upgrade the infrastructure marketplace within in next 20 years (Volk, Stengel and Schultmann 2014). Figure 2.2: Infrastructure marketplace within next 20 years (Source: Maradza, Whyte and Larsen 2014) BMI in UK infrastructure industry and Facility Management Driven by policies of UK Government and desperate economic circumstances, the construction industry in UK is slowly but steadily adopting building information modeling. After BMI level 3 document is released, the government of UK continues to drive forward their digital construction agenda, "Digital Build Britain" which was started in February. However, one the area of infrastructure in UK has struggled to cope up with the demands of BIM, which is facilities management or FM. It is suggested that FM teams will be provided a complete knowledge on the BMI model during construction and use of the model to overhaul the efficiency of their management operations. The project life cycle will move forward with time and the same model will be handed back to design teams when the project will demand to be refurbished (Maradza, Whyte and Larsen 2013). However, Capita, like many companies has argued that post-construction knowledge transfer process in not as effective as other companies are hoping. UK Government has already announced and released their BIM mandate that states all the infrastructure companies must adapt level two BIM processes in all central government projects by 2016. After this mandate, most of the companies are reestablishing their company structure to welcome BIM in their system. However, the FM market having different priorities and ways of working has not engaged in the drive for BIM in the same way (Isikdag 2015). It is difficult to expect that clients and facilities management teams will invest in the necessary software, processes or expertise to accommodate BIM models. Especially for small organizations, it is not possible to restructure their whole system. Besides, most of the facilities management teams do not use any specialist software at all. Therefore, it is expected that they will hardly invest in niche design and modeling software like BIM (Kelly et al. 2013). Possibilities of BMI in facilities management Facility management professionals must use building information modeling processes to realize the full potential of the software for delivering value and cost savings over a buildings lifetime. The First FM leaders Forum was build to bring leaders of the FM teams in one place and to help them to discuss issues on BIM and facilities management (Kassem et al. 2015). The primary objective of BIM is to create and maintain facilities that are more efficient having lower carbon emission, lower run costs and more effective and safer places to work and live. The facilities management teams and professionals must allow themselves to understand the BIM technology and its full potential. BIM is transforming their processes to meet the demands of FM. They will have to meet the following things to raise FM profile across the construction industry (Yalcinkaya and Singh 2014) The demonstrating value will be the primary target of BIM which will allow the FM teams to deliver their jobs more efficiently. BMI will clearly elaborate the meaning of lifetime value of buildings. It will also help the facilities management team to figure out the fact that it includes operational as well as constructional costs (Meng 2015). Another goal of the BIM is to involve the facilities managers at specification stages where they would be in a position to work with a designer on creating digital plans to work (Yalcinkaya and Singh 2014). BIM professionals will have to transform the software in such a way that it can help the facilities management teams to develop their work standard, systems of classification and datasets. Challenges of facilities management in BIM The current cultural approach of FM industry in UK is the main problem which is creating obstacles while adopting new processes and technologies. Being rigid in its approach, FM industry will not adopt any new technology like BIM unless its benefits are proven clearly (Yalcinkaya and Singh 2014). Interoperability between the technologies of BIM and FM is another issue in the handover of information and data to operation stage. For example, buildings where FM legacy system is all set to perform for next one or two decades, facility managers of that building will not use BIM unless the transfer of BIM data is automated and the value of BIM is demonstrated. Last but not the least, the biggest challenge of using BMI is the absence of proper contractual and legal framework for implementation. However, it is suggested that in near future legal and liability requirements in the building industry will introduce the contract between the two parties which will be conducted via written and two-dimensional graphical form. The primary legal risk of implementing BIM in FM is to determine the ownership of the BIM data and to protect the data through copyright and other laws (Maradza, Whyte and Larsen 2014). Summary BIM in FM allocation is still considered as an emerging field in UK. The government is forcing the infrastructure companies to adopt BIM for each and every central government projects to save the overall cost. However, the understanding of the challenges and value-adding potential of BIM is FM is essential at this early stage. Therefore, it was important to conduct this research to find out difficulties and values of BIM in facilities management. Research Methodology Introduction After gaining specific knowledge from theories and research works, in this chapter, the researcher has tried to make a suitable research methodology to carry on the entire research work. The raised problems in the introductory chapter have been tried to deal carefully and thus proper research methodology is required to follow. The case study of Northumbria University has been taken into consideration and the research methodology has been conducted upon that. Selection of Research Paradigm (Positivism) Interpretivism and positivism are two types of research philosophies and based on the requirement of the research work; these research theories are used. Positivism research philosophy facilitates in preparing critical and rational examination on the on the theme of the research work depending on the appropriate facts and confirmations. On the contrary, interpretivism gives stress on the application of human awareness to examine the investigate problems (Ahram 2011). Therefore, it can be said that positivism research philosophy has been proved to be appropriate for this research work. Selection of Research Approach (Deductive) The deductive approach has been shown to be advantageous in several research works, as it concentrates on gaining proper knowledge and use top to bottom approach. On the contrary, the inductive approach seems to be advantageous in those cases, where new theories are required to establish as per the accordance of the research topic (Al 2013). Therefore, after discussing the nature and characteristics of these two research approaches, the deductive approach has been selected here to carry on the research work (Alvesson and Sandberg 2013). Selection of Research Purpose (Analytical) Brown and Stowers (2013) has explanatory research purpose helps in creating proper co-ordination between two research variables. On the other hand, exploratory research work gives importance on gathering background information on the research subject since the objectives of the research work is not yet intended properly. Cameron (2009) has opined that analytical research purpose gives importance to preparing for the test association between the dependent and the independent research variables of the research topic. Therefore, analytical research purpose has been appropriate for this research work and thus it has been selected. Selection of Research Strategy (Case Study) This particular research study has been conducted on Northumbria Universitys city campus that is based in Newcastle upon Tyne. This entire university is made up of 32 non-residential buildings and was started in the year 2010. The commission of the university appointed five developers in order to produce building information models that concentrate on enhancing the performance of the space management. Therefore to gain in depth knowledge, the researcher has conducted an interview with 5 members of the estate department of Northumbria University. Chandra and Sharma (2013) has stated that one researcher can choose the research strategies depending on the suitable research purpose and surveys and interviews, case study analysis and experiments are used in the research work to gain knowledge. Survey has been proved to be beneficial for those research works were gathering data from a huge population is important for the research work. On the other hand, surveys are important as well, as t his helps the research work to get knowledge from that populace who are unswervingly connected with the research troubles. In this research work, the case study analysis has been done for the convenience of the research work. Assortment of Sampling Methods and Sample Size In regards to gain qualitative information, the investigator has conducted an interview with 6 BIM professionals and 4 FM professionals along with 5 members of the estate department of Northumbria University, as they are directly linked with the situation. Research Collection: Secondary Sources In thiscase study, both primary and secondary sources have been taken into consideration for gathering data and it has been mentioned here. The information received through interview has helped to gain ample information to know about the research topic. Secondary Research Reviewing the existing literature along with the relevant theories and models, the researcher has gained relevant information regarding the research topics and this has helped the researcher to carry on the entire study (Eaton 2013). This research work is based on case study analysis and thus, the researcher has gathered data from the case study. Therefore, it can be stated the the research work is secondary research work and the entire research has been done based on that. The detailed study of the case study is thus one of the major sources of achieving information related to the research topics to the researcher. Data Analysis After gathering data through case study, the researcher will compare the data with the already existing theories, models and research works in order to find out the differences. Leedy and Ormrod (2013) have stated that, in case of data analysis, the researcher is required to provide further recommendations based on the demand of the situation. Ethical Considerations It is fairly essential to pursue the regulations drawn up by the Data Protection Act 1998 and be certain that none of the respondents are enforced to partake in the investigating procedure. Any contestant can take out his/her contribution as per their expediency (Leedy and Ormrod 2013). The investigator also does not utilize the information for any other reason somewhat than the educational work. The investigator is conscious of the detail that both the investigation reports and conference inquiries are prominent (Klassen et al. 2012). All the information is confidential and without the consent of the interviewee, the researcher is not allowed to disclose the data anywhere. References Ahram, A. 2011. The theory and method of comparative area studies. Qualitative Research, 11(1), pp.69-90. Al, S. 2013. Interpretive research design: concepts and processes. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(4), pp.351-352. Alvesson, M. and Sandberg, J. 2013. Constructing Research Questions. London: SAGE Publications. Brown, J. and Stowers, E. 2013. Use of Data in Collections Work: An Exploratory Survey.Collection Management, 38(2), pp.143-162. Cameron, R. 2009. 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